The number of graduates coming out of technical colleges increased to over 700,000 in 2011 from 550,000 in FY 2010.However, 75% of technical graduates and more than 85% of general graduates are unemployable by India's high-growth global industries, including information technology.
From the first Five Year Plan onwards India's emphasis was to develop a pool of scientifically inclined manpower.India's National Policy on Education (NPE) provisioned for an apex body for regulation and development of higher technical education, which came into being as the All India Council for Technical Education(AICTE) in 1987 through an act of the Indian parliament. At the Central(federal) level, the Indian Institutes of Technology,the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, the National Institutes of Technology and the Indian Institutes of Information Technology,Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology are deemed of national importance.
The Indian Institutes of Technology are among the nation's premier education facilities. Since 2002, Several Regional Engineering Colleges(RECs) have been converted into National Institutes of Technology giving them Institutes of National Importance status.
The Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology : The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MOP&NG), Government of India set up the institute at Jais, Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh through an Act of Parliament. RGIPT has been accorded "Institute of National Importance" along the lines of the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT),Indian Institute of Management (IIM) and National Institute Of Technology(NIT). With the status of a Deemed University, the institute awards degrees in its own right.
The UGC has inter-university centres at a number of locations throughout India to promote common research, e.g. the Nuclear Science Centre at the Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. Besides there are some British established colleges such as Harcourt Butler Technological Institute situated in Kanpur and King George Medical University situated in Lucknow which are important center of higher education.
Central Universities such as Banaras Hindu University, Jamia Millia Islamia University, Delhi University, Mumbai University, University of Calcutta, etc. are too pioneers of technical education in the country.
In addition to above institutes, efforts towards the enhancement of technical education are supplemented by a number of recognized Professional Engineering Societies such as
- Institution of Mechanical Engineers (India)
- Institution of Engineers (India)
- Institution of Chemical Engineering (India)
- Institution of Electronics and Tele-Communication Engineers (India)
- Indian Institute of Metals
- Institution of Industrial Engineers (India)
- Institute of Town Planners (India)
- Indian Institute of Architects
that conduct Engineering/Technical Examinations at different levels(Degree and diploma) for working professionals desirous of improving their technical qualifications.
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